Ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke, utshani bubonakala sebuyinto evamile kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubisi, iziphuzo ezitolo ezinkulu, noma iziphuzo ezindaweni zokudlela nezindawo zokudlela.Kodwa ingabe uyawazi umsuka wotshani?
Utshani lwasungulwa nguMarvin Stone e-United States ngo-1888. Ngekhulu le-19, abantu baseMelika babethanda ukuphuza iwayini elibandayo elikhanyayo elinephunga elimnandi.Ukuze ugweme ukushisa emlonyeni, amandla okuqandisa ewayini ancishiswa, ngakho-ke abazange baliphuze ngokuqondile emlonyeni, kodwa basebenzise utshani bemvelo obungenalutho ukuze baphuze, kodwa utshani bemvelo bulula ukuphuka futhi bube ngowabo. ukunambitheka kuzongena nasewayinini.UMarvin, umenzi kagwayi, wathola ugqozi ngogwayi ukuze enze utshani bephepha.Ngemva kokunambitha utshani bephepha, kwatholakala ukuthi ngeke kuphuke noma kunuke iphunga elingavamile.Kusukela lapho, abantu baye basebenzisa utshani lapho bephuza iziphuzo ezibandayo.Kodwa ngemva kokusungulwa kwepulasitiki, izitsha zephepha zathathelwa indawo izitsha zepulasitiki ezimibalabala.
Utshani bepulasitiki buvame kakhulu ekuphileni kwansuku zonke.Nakuba zilungele ukuphila kwabantu, izitsha zepulasitiki ngeke zibole ngokwemvelo futhi cishe akunakwenzeka ukuba zigaywe kabusha.Umthelela wokulahla okungahleliwe endaweni ezungezile awunakulinganiswa.E-USA kuphela, abantu balahla izitshani eziyizigidi ezingama-500 nsuku zonke.Ngokusho "kotshani obuncane obuncane", lezi zinhlanga zihlangene zingazungeza umhlaba izikhathi ezimbili nengxenye.Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngokuthuthukiswa kokuqwashisa kwabantu ngokuvikelwa kwemvelo, okuhambisana nokwethulwa kwe- "plastic restriction order" kazwelonke kanye nokwethulwa kwezinqubomgomo zokuvikela imvelo, abantu sebeqalile ukukhuthaza ngamandla ukusetshenziswa kwezitsha zephepha ezingawungeni imvelo.
Uma kuqhathaniswa notshani bepulasitiki, izitsha zephepha nazo zinezinzuzo zazo kanye nokubi.
Izinzuzo: Izinti zephepha zinobungani nemvelo, zigaywa kabusha futhi kulula ukuzonakaliswa, ezingalondoloza kangcono izinsiza.
Ukungalungi: izindleko zokukhiqiza eziphezulu, aziqini kakhulu ngemva kokuthinta amanzi isikhathi eside, futhi azoncibilika lapho izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu.
Ngokubheka ukushiyeka kotshani bephepha, sinikeza amathiphu njengangezansi.
Okokuqala, lapho uphuza, isikhathi sokuxhumana sokuphuza kufanele sifinyezwe ngangokunokwenzeka, ukuze ugweme utshani bube buthaka ngemva kokuxhumana isikhathi eside futhi kuthinte ukunambitheka.
Okwesibili, zama ukungafaki isiphuzo esibanda kakhulu noma esishise ngokweqile, kungcono singeqi ku-50°C.Ngenxa yokushisa ngokweqile utshani buzoncibilika.
Okokugcina, inqubo yokusebenzisa kufanele igweme imikhuba emibi, njengokuluma ngotshani.Izokhiqiza imfucumfucu futhi ingcolise isiphuzo.
Kodwa ngokuvamile, ama-straws ephepha akhiqizwa i-Jiawang, angacwiliswa emanzini ukuze athole okwengeziwe
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-04-2022